Magudumu a Roulette Achilendo
Magudumu a tibowo 18, 25, 26, 31, 40, 49, 62, 73 kapena 105. Lamulo limodzi limapereka mtengo wa pafupifupi onsewo: gawo la tibowo limene malipiro sawerengera.
Malipiro akakhazikitsidwa ngati kuti tibowo ta kasino kulibe, phindu la kasinomasamuPhindu la kasinoGawo la ndalama zobetcha zilizonse limene kasino imasunga pa avareji: 2.70% mu roulette ya ku Ulaya.Werengani yonse → ndi tibowo ta kasino kugawa ndi tibowo tonse, kaya gudumu ndi lalikulu bwanji. Magudumu ambiri achilendo amatsatira lamulo limenelo. Ochititsa chidwi ndi amene amaliphwanya: malipiro ozunguliridwa pansi, gawo la bonasi, kapena betcha limene limakhalabe patebulo pa kuzungulira kangapo.
Lamulo limodzi pa gudumu lililonse
Roulette ya ku UlayamtunduRoulette ya ku UlayaGudumu la ziro imodzi, tibowo 37, phindu la kasino 2.70%. Chitsanzo chachikulu cha tsamba lino.Werengani yonse → imalipira 35 ku 1 ngati kuti gudumu lili ndi tibowozipangizoKabowoChimodzi mwa tibowo 37 tokhala ndi manambala pa rotor. Kamatchedwanso: slot, cup.Werengani yonse → 36. Lili ndi 37, ndipo kabowo kosowako ndiko phindu la kasino la 2.70%. Lamulo lomwelo limagwira ntchito pa gudumu lililonse: ndi manambala N ndi tibowo ta kasino Z, betcha pa manambala n limene limalipira (N − n)/n ku 1 lili ndi phindu la kasino la Z/(N + Z). Magudumu a kukula kulikonse apangidwa kapena aperekedwa motsatira lamulo limeneli, ndipo tebulo limawaika motsatira mtengo. Mizere yake imaperekanso zoyambira za momwe mungasewerere Royal Roulette, masewera a ku Australia: manambala ake ndi makadi 2 mpaka king, tibowo take tawiri ta kasino ndi ace ndi joker, ndipo khadi limodzi limalipira 47 ku 1.
Lalikulu lingakhale lotsika mtengo
Osewera amaona gudumu la tibowo 62 ngati mwayi wovuta kwambiri ndipo amaganiza kuti ndi masewera oipa kwambiri. Phindu la kasino limadalira gawo la tibowo ta kasino lokha. Super 62 ili ndi zirogudumuZiroKabowo kamodzi kobiriwira kamene betcha la even-money, dazeni kapena mzati siliphimba; gwero la phindu la kasino. Imatchedwanso: ziro imodzi, 0.Werengani yonse → ziwiri, monga gudumu la ku America, koma ndi 2 mwa tibowo 62 osati 2 mwa 38, choncho imawononga 3.23% poyerekeza ndi 5.26%. Roulette 73, yokhala ndi manambala 72 ndi ziro imodzi, ikanawononga 1.37%, pafupifupi mofanana ndi even money ya ku France. Lamulo limagwira ntchito mbali ina pa gudumu laling’ono. Bollman amalingalira gudumu lakale la tibowo 18, 1 mpaka 16 kuphatikiza 0 ndi 00. Motsatira lamulo betcha lililonse likanawononga 2/18, 11.11%: tibowo tawiri ta kasino ndi gawo lalikulu la gudumu laling’ono.
Pamene lamulo limaphwanyika: kuzungulira pansi
MalipirondalamaMalipiroZimene betcha lopambana limabweza, zotchulidwa ngati “X ku 1” kuwonjezera pa ndalama zobetcha zobwezedwa.Werengani yonse → ayenera kukhala kuchuluka koyenera kwa machipindalamaChipiChizindikiro choimira ndalama yokhazikika, choikidwa pa dongosolo la mabetcha kuti mupange betcha. Chimatchedwanso: check.Werengani yonse →, ndipo lamulo likapereka kagawo kasino imazungulira pansi. Betcha la Avenue la 100 To 1 Roulette limaphimba tibowo 15 ndipo liyenera kulipira 5⅔ ku 1; limalipira 11 ku 2, zimene zimakweza phindu la kasino kuchoka pa 4.76% kufika pa 7.14%. Pa Super 62, manambala asanu ndi awiri ali ndi chiwerengero 6 (6, 16, 26, 36, 46, 56, 60) ndipo betcha pa chiwerengerocho limalipira 7 ku 1, zimene zimachipanga 9.68%, katatu kuposa dongosolo la mabetchazipangizoDongosolo la mabetchaGridi yosindikizidwa yobetchera pa tebulo. Imatchedwanso: tebulo, felt, nsalu.Werengani yonse → lonse lotsalalo. Betcha la White la Riverboat Roulette limaphimba manambala 8 pa 7 ku 2; patebulo lopanda machipi a masenti 50, wopambana wa $5 amalipidwa $17 osati $17.50, zimene zimakweza phindu la kasino kuchoka pa 5.26% kufika pa 7.37%. Betcha la manambala asanu la ku America, pa 7.89%, ndi chitsanzo chodziwika cha chinthu chomwecho.
Pamene lamulo limaphwanyika: mabonasi
Fast Action Roulette, imene inayambitsidwa ku Marina Bay Sands mu 2020, imagwiritsa ntchito gudumu lenileni la ziro zinayi, limene palokha likanawononga 10%. Manambala khumi a Bonus amayaka mwachisawawa pa kuzungulira kulikonse. Straight upbetchaStraight upNambala imodzi, amalipira 35:1.Werengani yonse → amalipira 35 ku 1, 40 ku 1 ngati nambala yake ndi nambala ya Bonus, ndi 80 ku 1 ngati mzere wake wonse wa anayi uli Bonus, zimene zimamufikitsa pa 6.65%. Mabetcha ena atatu a masewerawa amawononga zochuluka kwambiri. Double Bonus Spin ya IGT imawonjezera kabowo kachikasu ka Bonus, kotambalala ngati tibowo limodzi ndi theka, pa gudumu la ku America; mpirazipangizoMpiraMpira waung’ono umene umaponyedwa mu njira motsutsana ndi rotor. Mipira yamakono ndi ya ivorine kapena Teflon, 18–21 mm.Werengani yonse → ukagwera pamenepo, betcha lililonse limalandira kuzungulira kwaulere kawiri. Malinga ndi kuwerengera kwathu zimenezo zimatsitsa phindu la kasino kufika pakati pa 1.94% (straight up) ndi 2.73% (even money), pansi pa gudumu la ku America wamba. Bollman (2021) amasindikiza 3% mpaka 16% pa masewerawa; fomula yake yofewetsedwa ili ndi kulakwitsa kwa algebra, ndipo pa mabetcha a even-moneybetchaBetcha la even-moneyZofiira/zakuda, osakhala awiriawiri/awiriawiri, okwera/otsika. Manambala 18, amalipira 1:1.Werengani yonse → imatanthauza kuti kuzungulira kwaulere kumataya zoposa ndalama zobetcha, zimene sizingatheke.
Pamene lamulo limaphwanyika: mabetcha amene amakhalabe
Riverboat Roulette (2012) inapatsa manambala 32 a gudumu la ku America mtundu wachiwiri. White imadziwitsa tibowo tinayi tozungulira ziro iliyonse (1, 2, 9, 10, 13, 14, 27, 28). Betcha pa gulu la mtundu limapambana ngati imodzi mwa manambala ake yatuluka isanatuluke imodzi mwa manambala asanu ndi atatu a White. Nambala ya White ndi “White Out” imene imachotsa mabetcha onse a mitundu. Nambala ina iliyonse ndi push: betcha limakhalabe, ndipo pakati pa kuzungulira lingachotsedwe kapena kukwezedwa. Teal imaphimba manambala atatu ndipo imalipira 2 ku 1. Pa betcha lililonse limene lathetsedwa limataya 2/11 ya ndalama zobetcha, 18.18%. Pa kuzungulira kulikonse limataya 2/38, 5.26% yodziwika ija, chifukwa betcha la pakati limakhalabe kuzungulira 38/11, pafupifupi 3.5.
Gudumu limene Thorp akanatha kulosera: Big Six
Big Six, kapena wheel of fortune, ndi gudumu lalikulu loimirira lokhala ndi malo 54: 24 amalipira 1 ku 1, 15 amalipira 2 ku 1, asanu ndi awiri 5 ku 1, anayi 10 ku 1, awiri 20 ku 1, ndipo malo awiri a logo amalipira 40 ku 1. Palibe ziro; kasino imatenga gawo lake polipira mochepera, ndipo phindu la kasino limayambira pa 11.1% pa malo olipira 1 ku 1 mpaka 24.1% pa ma logo. Mu 1961 Thorp anapanga cholosera cha kukula kwa bokosi la machesi chake, choyendetsedwa ndi chosinthira cha chala cha phazi, ndipo mu 1981, powerengera nthawi ya kuzungulira kumodzi kwa gudumu la kasino ndi wotchi ya padzanja, anapeza kuti nthawi zambiri ankatha kutchula malo oimira mkati mwa malo asanu. Kubetcha pa malo olipira kwambiri okha pafupi ndi kuloserako kukanabweza pafupifupi +211%, ngati mabetcha akanalandiridwa gudumu litazunguliridwa kale. Salandiridwa, ndipo gudumu limazungulira pang’onopang’ono ndi poyera, choncho betcha lochedwa likanaonekera; Thorp analemba kuti masewerawa analibe zochitika zokwanira zobisira betcha lotere.
Chifukwa chake ndi ochepa amene amafala
Gudumu la akatswiri limawononga madola masauzande, ndipo gudumu la tibowo tachilendo liyenera kupangidwa mwa dongosolo lapadera. Choncho masewera ambiri atsopano a roulette amasunga gudumu wamba ndi kuwonjezera mabetcha, ndichifukwa chake tsamba la mabetcha a m’mbali ndi lalitali kuposa ili. Gudumu la chiwombankhanga la tibowo 31 la ku America m’zaka za zana la 19, pa 12.90% pa nambala imodzi ndi 9.68% pa china chilichonse, linatha chifukwa cha mtengo wake. Lingaliro la kabowo kachitatu ka kasino linabweranso mu 2016 pa gudumu la tibowo 39, kumene limawononga 7.69%.
Mafunso
Osati palokha. Phindu la kasino ndi gawo la tibowo ta kasino: 1 mwa 73 ndi lotsika mtengo kuposa 1 mwa 37.
Roulette 73, pa 1.37%, koma ndi kapangidwe kofalitsidwa osati tebulo limene mungalipeze. Pakati pa magudumu amene aperekedwa kwa osewera, Super 62 pa 3.23% imatsatira pambuyo pa ya ku Ulaya ndi ya ku France.
Bonasi iyenera kulipiridwa, nthawi zambiri pochepetsa malipiro akuluakulu kapena ndi betcha losiyana la phindu la kasino lalikulu.
Masamu Osangalatsa
Yesani nokha choyamba. Yankho lililonse labisika; litsegulireni mukakonzeka.
Royal Roulette, yopangidwa ku Australia, ili ndi tibowozipangizoKabowoChimodzi mwa tibowo 37 tokhala ndi manambala pa rotor. Kamatchedwanso: slot, cup.Werengani yonse → 50: makadi 48 kuyambira 2 mpaka king, kuphatikiza ace imodzi ndi joker imodzi. Khadi limodzi limalipira 47 ku 1, makadi awiri 23 ku 1, atatu 15 ku 1, anayi 11 ku 1, asanu ndi limodzi 7 ku 1, asanu ndi atatu 5 ku 1, khumi ndi awiri 3 ku 1, khumi ndi asanu ndi limodzi 2 ku 1 ndipo makumi awiri ndi anayi 1 ku 1. Ndi lamulo liti limene limapanga malipirondalamaMalipiroZimene betcha lopambana limabweza, zotchulidwa ngati “X ku 1” kuwonjezera pa ndalama zobetcha zobwezedwa.Werengani yonse → amenewa, ndipo betcha lililonse limawononga zingati?
Onetsani yankho
Yankho Betcha lililonse pa makadi n limalipira (48 − n)/n ku 1, choncho betcha lililonse limawononga 2/50 = 4%.
Yesani lamulo pa mabetcha ochepa: 47/1 = 47, 36/12 = 3, 32/16 = 2, 24/24 = 1. Likugwirizana ndi onse asanu ndi anayi. Lamulo limaika mtengo pa gudumu ngati kuti lili ndi tibowo 48, choncho ace ndi joker ndi tibowo tiwiri ta kasino, monga momwe 0 ndi 00 zilili pa gudumu la ku America.
Tibowo tiwiri ta kasino mwa 50 timapereka phindu la 4%. Mtundu wa “ku Ulaya” umachotsa joker ndi kusunga malipiro: kabowo kamodzi ka kasino mwa 49, phindu la 2.04%.
Super 62 ili ndi betcha lakuti nambala imodzi yosankhidwa (digit) idzaoneka mu nambala yopambana. Pangani betcha lomwelo la gudumu wamba la ku America. Ndi manambala angati pa 1 mpaka 36 ali ndi digit iliyonse, ndipo malipiro ati angasunge 5.26% yanthawi zonse?
Onetsani yankho
Yankho Ma digit okhawo omwe ali ndi manambala 3 kapena 4 amapeza malipiro oyera (11 ku 1 ndi 8 ku 1). Ma digit 1, 2 ndi 3 sangalipidwe mwachilungamo ndi machipindalamaChipiChizindikiro choimira ndalama yokhazikika, choikidwa pa dongosolo la mabetcha kuti mupange betcha. Chimatchedwanso: check.Werengani yonse → athunthu.
Werengani manambala. Digit 1 imaoneka mu 1, 10 mpaka 19, 21 ndi 31: manambala 13. Digit 2 ilinso mu manambala 13 ndipo digit 3 mu 10. Ma digit 4, 5 ndi 6 ali mu manambala anayi aliyense (4, 14, 24, 34), ndipo 7, 8 ndi 9 mu atatu aliyense.
Betcha pa manambala n limasunga phindu la ku America ngati limalipira (36 − n)/n ku 1. Zimenezo zimapereka 8 ku 1 pa manambala anayi ndi 11 ku 1 pa atatu, onse athunthu. Pa manambala 13 zimapereka 23/13, pafupifupi 1.77 ku 1, ndipo pa manambala 10 2.6 ku 1. Mukatsitsa 1.77 kufika 7 ku 4, betcha limawononga 5.92%; mukakweza kufika 2 ku 1, wosewera amakhala ndi phindu la 2.63%. Kutsitsa 2.6 kufika 5 ku 2 kumapanga 7.89%.
Digit 0 ndi chosankha: 10, 20 ndi 30 okha amalipira 11 ku 1 pa 5.26%; onjezerani 0 ndi 00 ndipo limakhala betcha la manambala asanu, 6 ku 1 pa 7.89%, monga basketbetchaBasketPa gudumu la ziro imodzi: 0, 1, 2, 3 ndi chipi chimodzi, amalipira 8:1. Amatchedwanso: first four, quatre premiers.Werengani yonse →.
digitmanambalalamulo limatilikhoza kulipiraphindu la kasino1, 2131.77 ku 17 ku 45.92%3102.6 ku 15 ku 27.89%4, 5, 648 ku 18 ku 15.26%7, 8, 9311 ku 111 ku 15.26%100 To 1 Roulette imalipira (100 − n)/n ku 1 pa mabetcha ambiri, pa gudumu la manambala 100 ndi zizindikiro 5 za kasino. Mabetcha ake amaphimba tibowo 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15, 20 kapena 50 ndipo amalipira 100, 49, 32, 24, 19, 9, 11 ku 2, 4 ndi 1 ku 1. Straight upbetchaStraight upNambala imodzi, amalipira 35:1.Werengani yonse → ndi Avenue ya tibowo 15 zimaphwanya lamulo. Ndi betcha liti lina limene limaliphwanya, ndipo limawononga zingati?
Onetsani yankho
Yankho Betcha la tibowo titatu: lamulo limati 32⅓ ku 1, limalipira 32 ku 1, ndipo limawononga 5.71% m’malo mwa 4.76%.
Yerekezani malipiro aliwonse ndi lamulo: 98/2 = 49, 96/4 = 24, 95/5 = 19, 90/10 = 9, 80/20 = 4 ndi 50/50 = 1 onse akugwirizana. Pa tibowo titatu lamulo limapereka 97/3 = 32⅓, zimene palibe chipi chingalipire, choncho zimatsitsidwa kufika 32.
Betcha limapambana kawiri 3 pa kuzungulira 105 ndipo limabweza ma unitndalamaUnitNdalama zobetcha zoyambira zimene dongosolo kapena wosewera amagwiritsa ntchito. Maprogression amafotokozedwa mu ma unit kuti agwire ntchito pa tebulo lililonse.Werengani yonse → 33 kuphatikiza ndalama zobetcha: 3 × 33 = ma unit 99 obwezedwa pa 105 iliyonse yobetchedwa, kutaya 6/105 = 5.71%.
Roulette 73, kapangidwe kosindikizidwa, ili ndi manambala 72 ndi zirogudumuZiroKabowo kamodzi kobiriwira kamene betcha la even-money, dazeni kapena mzati siliphimba; gwero la phindu la kasino. Imatchedwanso: ziro imodzi, 0.Werengani yonse → imodzi, ndipo betcha lililonse limalipira (72 − n)/n ku 1. Manambala ake 24 otuwa angaphimbidwe ndi machipi 14: ma straight up 4 ndi ma splitbetchaSplitManambala awiri oyandikana, amalipira 17:1.Werengani yonse → 10. Betcha la machipi 14 limenelo limawononga zingati?
Onetsani yankho
Yankho 1.37% ya machipi 14, monga betcha lina lililonse pa gudumu limenelo.
Njira yayitali: straight up imalipira 71 ku 1 ndipo split 35 ku 1. Ngati imodzi mwa manambala 4 a straight up yatuluka, mumapambana 71 ndi kutaya machipi ena 13: +58. Ngati imodzi mwa manambala 20 a split yatuluka: +35 − 13 = +22. Pa tibowo tina 49 mumataya onse 14. Pa avareji pa kuzungulira 73: 4 × 58 + 20 × 22 − 49 × 14 = 232 + 440 − 686 = ma unit −14, omwe ndi 1/73 ya chipi chilichonse.
Njira yayifupi: mitengo yoyembekezekamasamuMtengo woyembekezekaZotsatira zapakati pa betcha lililonse pa nthawi yayitali. −1/37 ya ndalama zobetcha pa betcha lililonse la ku Ulaya wamba.Werengani yonse → imaphatikizika. Chipi chilichonse ndi betcha wamba limene limataya 1/73 yake, choncho machipi 14 amataya 14/73. Kuphatikiza mabetcha kumasintha momwe zotsatira zimagawikira, osati mtengo wake.
Super 62 ili ndi manambala 60, 0 ndi 00, ndipo imalipira (60 − n)/n ku 1. Opanga ake anailembanso ndi tibowo ta kasino kamodzi, titatu ndi tinayi. Alphabetic Roulette imalipira (24 − n)/n ku 1 pa tibowo 25, ndipo ili ndi mtundu wina umene Y ndi Z zili m’tibowo tawo tawotawo. Ikani mtengo pa onse asanu.
Onetsani yankho
Yankho Ndi ziro imodzi mpaka zinayi: 1.64%, 3.23%, 4.76% ndi 6.25%. Alphabetic yokhala ndi Y ndi Z padera: 7.69%.
Lililonse la awa limasunga malipiro ake ndipo limasintha chiwerengero cha tibowo ta kasino chokha, choncho phindu ndi tibowo ta kasino ÷ tibowo tonse.
Ziro imodzi, tibowo 61: 1/61 = 1.64%. Ziwiri, tibowo 62: 2/62 = 3.23%. Zitatu, tibowo 63: 3/63 = 4.76%. Zinayi, tibowo 64: 4/64 = 6.25%. Ziro iliyonse yowonjezedwa imawononga pafupifupi peresenti imodzi ndi theka.
Alphabetic imalipira ngati kuti ili ndi zilembo 24. Y ndi Z zikagawana kabowo, kasino ili ndi 1 mwa 25, 4%. Y ndi Z zikakhala padera ili ndi 2 mwa 26, 7.69%, mofanana ndi gudumu la ziro zitatu. Kugawa kabowo kamodzi pawiri kunatsala pang’ono kuwirikiza mtengo.
gudumutibowotibowo ta kasinophindu la kasinomanambala 60, ziro imodzi6111.64%Super 626223.23%manambala 60, ziro zitatu6334.76%Super 646446.25%Alphabetic2514.00%Alphabetic, Y ndi Z padera2627.69%Gudumu lakale lili ndi tibowo 18: 1 mpaka 16, 0 ndi 00. Manambala osakhala awiriawiri ndi 0 ndi ofiirabetchaZofiiraBetcha la even-money pa manambala 18 ofiira. Mu Chifalansa: rouge.Werengani yonse →, manambala awiriawiri ndi 00 ndi akudabetchaZakudaBetcha la even-money pa manambala 18 akuda. Mu Chifalansa: noir.Werengani yonse →, ndipo manambala 16 ali pa dongosolo la mabetchazipangizoDongosolo la mabetchaGridi yosindikizidwa yobetchera pa tebulo. Imatchedwanso: tebulo, felt, nsalu.Werengani yonse → la 4 ndi 4. Pangani tebulo la malipirondalamaTebulo la malipiroMndandanda wa zimene betcha kapena zotsatira iliyonse imalipira. Pa makina ndi mabetcha am’mbali, ndipamene phindu la kasino limaikidwa.Werengani yonse → limene limapereka phindu lofanana pa betcha lililonse. Ndipo n’chifukwa chiyani 0 iyenera kuluzitsa betcha pa zofiira, ngakhale kuti ndi yofiira?
Onetsani yankho
Yankho Lipirani (16 − n)/n ku 1: 15 ku 1 pa nambala imodzi, 7 pa awiri, 3 pa anayi, 1 pa asanu ndi atatu. Betcha lililonse limawononga 11.11%. Ngati 0 ikanapambanitsa betcha la zofiira, zofiira likanakhala betcha lachilungamo.
Ikani mtengo pa gudumu ngati kuti 0 ndi 00 palibe. Betcha pa manambala n limapambana kawiri n pa 18 ndipo limalipira (16 − n)/n ku 1, choncho limabweza ma unit 16, kuphatikiza ndalama zobetcha, pa 18 iliyonse yobetchedwa. Betcha lililonse limawononga 2/18, 11.11%.
Mabetcha achibadwa a dongosololi amatuluka athunthu: nambala imodzi 15 ku 1, awiri oyandikana 7 ku 1, mzere kapena mzatibetchaMzatiManambala khumi ndi awiri mu mzati umodzi woimirira wa dongosolo la mabetcha, amalipira 2:1.Werengani yonse → wa anayi 3 ku 1, ndipo mizere iwiri, kapena asanu ndi atatu osakhala awiriawiri, awiriawiri, otsika kapena okwera, 1 ku 1. Betcha la manambala atatu likanafunika 4⅓ ku 1; litatsitsidwa kufika 4 ku 1, limawononga 16.67%.
Zofiira zimaphimba manambala asanu ndi atatu osakhala awiriawiri. Ngati 0, pokhala yofiira, ikanapambanitsanso betcha la zofiira, zofiira likanaphimba tibowo 9 mwa 18 pa 1 ku 1: masewera achilungamomasamuMasewera achilungamoMasewera amene palibe mbali yokhala ndi mwayi: betcha lililonse lili ndi mtengo woyembekezeka wa ziro.Werengani yonse → opanda phindu la kasino konse. Tibowo ta kasino timapeza phindu lawo pokhapokha poluzitsa betcha lililonse kupatula betcha pa tokha.
Nthabwala yopumitsa
Werengani tibowo ta kasino, kenako fufuzani kuzungulira pansi.
Magwero
- Bollman, M. Mathematics of the Big Four Casino Table Games: Blackjack, Baccarat, Craps, & Roulette.
- Ethier, S. N. The Doctrine of Chances: Probabilistic Aspects of Gambling.
- Thorp, E. O. The Mathematics of Gambling.
- Thorp, E. O. “The invention of the first wearable computer.”