Boule ndi Magudumu Ang’onoang’ono
Achibale ang’onoang’ono a roulette: gudumu la manambala asanu ndi anayi m’makasino a ku France, dayisi la mbali makumi awiri, bolodi la misomali, gudumu lophatikizidwa ndi chidebe cha mipira ndi nyenyezi ya magetsi. Lamulo limodzi limapereka mtengo wa onsewo.
Boule, imene imaseweredwabe m’makasino ena a ku France, ili ndi manambala asanu ndi anayi ndipo imalipira 7 ku 1 pa imodzi mwa izo: 11.11%, kanayi kuposa gudumu la ku Ulaya. Roulette-18 imaponya dayisi m’malo mozungulira gudumu ndipo imawononga 5.26%. Pa intaneti, Pin Ball ndi Spingo zimawononga 2% mpaka 4.76%, ndipo Lucky Star, nyali yothamanga kuzungulira nyenyezi, 2.22% mpaka 4%. Diamond Roulette inasiya zofiira ndi zakuda n’kutenga mitundu isanu ndi umodzi ndipo inagulitsa betcha limodzi pa 15.79%.
Lamulo limodzi, magudumu ang’onoang’ono
Lamulo la patsamba la magudumu achilendo limaperekanso mtengo wa masewera amenewa: werengani zotsatira zimene malipirondalamaMalipiroZimene betcha lopambana limabweza, zotchulidwa ngati “X ku 1” kuwonjezera pa ndalama zobetcha zobwezedwa.Werengani yonse → sawerengera ndipo gawani ndi zotsatira zonse. Pa gudumu la ku Ulaya zirogudumuZiroKabowo kamodzi kobiriwira kamene betcha la even-money, dazeni kapena mzati siliphimba; gwero la phindu la kasino. Imatchedwanso: ziro imodzi, 0.Werengani yonse → ndi kabowozipangizoKabowoChimodzi mwa tibowo 37 tokhala ndi manambala pa rotor. Kamatchedwanso: slot, cup.Werengani yonse → 1 mwa 37. Pa gudumu laling’ono kabowo kamodzi ka kasino ndi gawo lalikulu, choncho masewera ang’onoang’ono amakonda kuwononga zambiri, pokhapokha malipiro atakhazikitsidwa m’njira ina.
Boule: manambala asanu ndi anayi
Boule ndi m’bale waling’ono wa roulette wa ku France, amene amaseweredwabe m’makasino ena ku France; kabuku ka kasino ku Antibes kamafotokoza malamulo ake. MpirazipangizoMpiraMpira waung’ono umene umaponyedwa mu njira motsutsana ndi rotor. Mipira yamakono ndi ya ivorine kapena Teflon, 18–21 mm.Werengani yonse → umakhazikika pa imodzi mwa manambala asanu ndi anayi. Anayi ndi akudabetchaZakudaBetcha la even-money pa manambala 18 akuda. Mu Chifalansa: noir.Werengani yonse → (1, 3, 6, 8), anayi ofiirabetchaZofiiraBetcha la even-money pa manambala 18 ofiira. Mu Chifalansa: rouge.Werengani yonse → (2, 4, 7, 9), ndipo 5, ya chikasu, ndi nambala ya kasino. Nambala imodzi imalipira 7 ku 1. Mabetcha a even-moneybetchaBetcha la even-moneyZofiira/zakuda, osakhala awiriawiri/awiriawiri, okwera/otsika. Manambala 18, amalipira 1:1.Werengani yonse →, zofiira kapena zakuda, osakhala awiriawiri kapena awiriawiri, otsika (1 mpaka 4) kapena okwera (6 mpaka 9), onse amaluza pamene 5 yatuluka. Betcha lililonse limawononga 1/9 = 11.11%, kanayi kuposa gudumu la ku Ulaya. Mtundu wina ku Genting ku Malaysia umalemba gudumu lake 0 mpaka 9 ndipo umalipira 8 ku 1 pa nambala imodzi ndi 2 ku 1 pa zitatu: 10%.
Avions: manambala khumi ndi asanu ndi awiri
Epstein (2013) amalemba gudumu lina laling’ono, Avions, limene linkaseweredwa kwa kanthawi ku Monte Carlo, lokhala ndi manambala 17. Nambala imodzi inkalipira 15 ku 1, magulu a anayi ankalipira 3 ku 1, ndipo mabetcha a even-money ankaphimba manambala asanu ndi atatu iliyonse, kusiya 9, imene inkachita ntchito ya ziro. Betcha lililonse limafika pa 1/17 = 5.88%, pang’ono kuposa 5.26% ya ku America, pa gudumu la theka la kukula kwa la ku Ulaya.
Roulette-18: dayisi m’malo mwa gudumu
Roulette-18 inaonetsedwa pa Global Gaming Expo mu 2014 ndipo inkaseweredwa m’makasino ena a Grosvenor ku United Kingdom. Dayisi la mbali makumi awiri limalowa m’malo mwa gudumu, ndi manambala 1 mpaka 18, 0 ndi 00. Pa 00 palibe chimene chimathetsedwa ndipo dayisi limaponyedwanso, zimene zimasiya mbali 19 zogwira ntchito ndi malipiro okhazikitsidwa a 18: straight upbetchaStraight upNambala imodzi, amalipira 35:1.Werengani yonse → amalipira 17 ku 1, splitbetchaSplitManambala awiri oyandikana, amalipira 17:1.Werengani yonse → 8 ku 1, streetbetchaStreetManambala atatu mu mzere umodzi wa dongosolo la mabetcha, amalipira 11:1. Mu Chifalansa: transversale.Werengani yonse → 5 ku 1, konabetchaKonaManambala anayi ogawana kona imodzi pa dongosolo la mabetcha, amalipira 8:1.Werengani yonse → 7 ku 2, mzere 2 ku 1. Betcha lililonse limawononga 1/19 = 5.26%, mtengo wa ku America, kupatula mabetcha a even-money, amene amataya theka lokha pa 0: 2.63%.
Pin Ball ndi Spingo: masewera a pa intaneti
Pin Ball, ya Realistic Games, imagwetsa mpira kudzera pa bolodi la misomali kulowa m’malo amodzi mwa 25, 0 mpaka 24. Mabetcha amalipira ngati kuti alipo 24: nambala imodzi 23 ku 1, split 11 ku 1, choncho iliyonse imawononga 1/25 = 4%, ndipo mabetcha a even-money amataya theka lokha pa 0, zimene zimawafikitsa pa 2%. Spingo, ya Microgaming, imaphatikiza zosankha ziwiri: mpira wochokera m’chidebe cha 21, iwiri iliyonse ya 1 mpaka 10 ndi 0 imodzi, ndi gudumu la magawo 25, asanu ndi atatu aliyense achikasu, ofiira ndi abuluu ndi limodzi lobiriwira. Nambala imalipira 9 ku 1 ndipo imawononga 4.76%; mtundu umalipira 2 ku 1 ndipo umawononga 4%. Mwayi wovuta kwambiri pa bolodi, nambala ndi mtundu pamodzi, umalipira 31 ku 1 pa mwayi wa 16 mwa 525 ndipo umawononga 2.48% yokha: betcha lotsika mtengo kwambiri m’masewerawa.
Lucky Star: nyali pa nyenyezi
Lucky Star, imene imaperekedwa pa makasino ena a pa intaneti kwa osewera a ku Britain, ilibe mpira. Nyali imathamanga kuzungulira nyenyezi ya mbali zisanu yojambulidwa ndi mizere isanu yowongoka ndipo imaima pa amodzi mwa malo 40 olembedwa 0 mpaka 8. Malo asanu kumene mizere imadutsana onse alembedwa 1, ndipo nyali imadutsa iliyonse kawiri pa ulendo umodzi, choncho ulendo uli ndi zoimira 45 ndipo 1 ndiye zotsatira zotheka kwambiri, zoimira 10 mwa 45. Mabetcha ndi pa nambala, mtundu (0 ndi 8 zobiriwira; 1, 3 ndi 6 zofiira; 2, 4, 5 ndi 7 zakuda), osakhala awiriawiri kapena awiriawiri, otsika (1–4) kapena okwera (5–8), In kapena Out, ndi pa zinthu zisanu za ku China, chimodzi pa mzere uliwonse. Malipiro ndi “for 1” ndipo amabwera m’magawo, monga 2.2 pa zofiira, zimene zimalola betcha lililonse kupatsidwa mtengo wosiyana ndi ena osapitirira mfundo ziwiri: kuchokera pa 2.22% mpaka 4%.
Diamond Roulette: mitundu isanu ndi umodzi popanda zofiira
Diamond Roulette inaonekera ku Atlantic City mu 2008 pa gudumu la ziro ziwiri ndi manambala a mitundu isanu ndi umodzi ya manambala asanu ndi limodzi iliyonse, ndipo panalibe betcha la zofiira kapena zakuda. Mtundu unkalipira 5 ku 1: 5.26%, mtengo wanthawi zonse wa ku America, kapena 2.70% pa gudumu la ziro imodzi. Msampha unali mtundu wowonjezeredwa 0 ndi 00: manambala asanu ndi atatu pa 3 ku 1, pamene lamulo limafuna 3¾ ku 1. Unkawononga 15.79%. Kuzungulira pansi malipiro ndi kagawo ka unitndalamaUnitNdalama zobetcha zoyambira zimene dongosolo kapena wosewera amagwiritsa ntchito. Maprogression amafotokozedwa mu ma unit kuti agwire ntchito pa tebulo lililonse.Werengani yonse → kungapangitse betcha limodzi kukhala lokwera mtengo katatu kuposa ena.
Zimene magudumu ang’onoang’ono akuonetsa
Chipangizo chimasintha; masamu sasintha.
- Nambala imodzi ya kasino mwa zisanu ndi zinayi imawononga 11.11%; imodzi mwa 37 imawononga 2.70%. Manambala akachepa, ziro imakwera mtengo.
- Dayisi, bolodi la misomali kapena chidebe sizisintha kanthu: mtengo uli m’kuwerengera zotsatira ndi malipiro.
- Theka kubwerera pa ziro, monga pa Pin Ball ndi Roulette-18, kumagawa pawiri phindu la kasino la even-money, monga mmene la partagelamuloLa partageLamulo la ku France: ziro ikatuluka, theka la ndalama zobetcha pa even-money limabwezedwa. Limachepetsa phindu la kasino ndi theka pa mabetcha amenewo kufika 1.35%.Werengani yonse → imachitira.
- Malipiro m’magawo, monga pa Lucky Star, amalola wopanga kupereka mtengo wa betcha lililonse wosiyana ndi ena osapitirira mfundo imodzi kapena ziwiri.
- Fufuzani betcha limene malipiro ake azunguliridwa pansi: 3 ku 1 ya Diamond m’malo mwa 3¾.
Mafunso
Ayi. Pa 11.11% imawononga kanayi kuposa gudumu la ku Ulaya. Imapitirira chifukwa ndi yachangu ndi yosavuta, osati chifukwa ndi yotsika mtengo.
Boule imaseweredwabe m’makasino ena a ku France. Roulette-18 inkaseweredwa m’makasino a ku Britain m’ma 2010. Pin Ball, Spingo ndi Lucky Star anali masewera a pa intaneti, ndipo Diamond Roulette yachoka ku Atlantic City.
Chifukwa malipiro ake a 31 ku 1 ali pafupi ndi achilungamo, 31.8 ku 1, kuposa malipiro a mabetcha amodzi. Betcha lililonse limapatsidwa mtengo palokha.
Masamu Osangalatsa
Yesani nokha choyamba. Yankho lililonse labisika; litsegulireni mukakonzeka.
Spingo imajambula mpirazipangizoMpiraMpira waung’ono umene umaponyedwa mu njira motsutsana ndi rotor. Mipira yamakono ndi ya ivorine kapena Teflon, 18–21 mm.Werengani yonse → kuchokera m’chidebe cha mipira 21 (iwiri iliyonse ya 1 mpaka 10, umodzi wa 0) ndipo imazunguza gudumu la magawo 25 (asanu ndi atatu a mtundu uliwonse mwa mitundu itatu, limodzi lobiriwira). Nambala imalipira 9 ku 1, mtundu 2 ku 1, ndipo nambala ndi mtundu pamodzi 31 ku 1. Pezani mtengo wa onse atatu.
Onetsani yankho
Yankho Nambala 4.76%, mtundu 4.00%, nambala ndi mtundu 2.48%: betcha lovuta kwambiri kupambana ndi lotsika mtengo kwambiri.
Nambala: mipira 2 mwa 21. $1 yopambana imabweza $10, choncho betcha limabweza 2/21 × 10 = 20/21: phindu la kasino la 1/21 = 4.76%.
Mtundu: magawo 8 mwa 25, kubweza $3: 24/25, phindu la kasino la 4%.
Zonse pamodzi: mpira ndi gudumu ndi zojambula zosiyana, choncho kuthekera kumachulukitsana: 2/21 × 8/25 = 16/525. Wopambana amabweza $32, choncho betcha limabweza 16 × 32 = 512 pa 525 zobetchedwa: phindu la kasino la 13/525 = 2.48%.
MalipirondalamaMalipiroZimene betcha lopambana limabweza, zotchulidwa ngati “X ku 1” kuwonjezera pa ndalama zobetcha zobwezedwa.Werengani yonse → achilungamo akanakhala 509/16, pafupifupi 31.8 ku 1, choncho 31 ku 1 imaperewera ndi zosakwana unitndalamaUnitNdalama zobetcha zoyambira zimene dongosolo kapena wosewera amagwiritsa ntchito. Maprogression amafotokozedwa mu ma unit kuti agwire ntchito pa tebulo lililonse.Werengani yonse → imodzi pa makumi atatu ndi ziwiri. Betcha lililonse pa bolodi limakhala ndi mtengo wake palokha, ndipo mabetcha ovuta kupambana sakhala nthawi zonse okwera mtengo.
Pa Roulette-18 betcha pa zofiirabetchaZofiiraBetcha la even-money pa manambala 18 ofiira. Mu Chifalansa: rouge.Werengani yonse → limaphimba mbali 9 mwa mbali 19 zogwira ntchito za dayisi, limalipira even money ndipo limataya theka lokha 0 ikatuluka. Limawononga zingati?
Onetsani yankho
Yankho 1/38, pafupifupi 2.63%.
Ponyani dayisi kaye 19, kusiya ma 00 amene amaponyedwanso. Pa avareji zofiira zimatuluka ka 9 (+9), zakudabetchaZakudaBetcha la even-money pa manambala 18 akuda. Mu Chifalansa: noir.Werengani yonse → ka 9 (−9) ndipo 0 kamodzi, imene imatenga theka la ndalama zobetcha (−½).
Phindu: −½ pa kuponya 19, zomwe ndi 1/38 = 2.63%.
Popanda kubweza theka zikanakhala −1 pa 19, 5.26%, mtengo wa betcha lina lililonse pa dayisi. Kubweza theka pa zirogudumuZiroKabowo kamodzi kobiriwira kamene betcha la even-money, dazeni kapena mzati siliphimba; gwero la phindu la kasino. Imatchedwanso: ziro imodzi, 0.Werengani yonse → kumagawa pakati phindu la kasino, monga momwe la partagelamuloLa partageLamulo la ku France: ziro ikatuluka, theka la ndalama zobetcha pa even-money limabwezedwa. Limachepetsa phindu la kasino ndi theka pa mabetcha amenewo kufika 1.35%.Werengani yonse → imachitira pa tebulo la ku France.
Multicolore, imene inkaseweredwa ku Monte Carlo m’ma 1950, inkazunguza mpira pa magawogudumuGawoMndandanda wolumikizana wa tibowo pa gudumu, mosiyana ndi gulu pa dongosolo la mabetcha.Werengani yonse → 25: asanu ndi limodzi a mtundu uliwonse wa wobiriwira, wofiira, woyera ndi wachikasu, ndi limodzi labuluu. Betcha pa mtundu limalipidwa pa mwayi wosindikizidwa pa gawo pamene mpira waima: 4, 3, 3, 3, 2 ndi 2 ku 1 pa magawo asanu ndi limodzi a mtundu uliwonse, ndi 24 ku 1 pa labuluu. Betcha lililonse limawononga zingati?
Onetsani yankho
Yankho Labuluu ndi betcha lachilungamo ndipo siliwononga kanthu. Mtundu wina uliwonse umawononga 8%.
Ganizirani kuzungulira 25 kumene gawo lililonse limatuluka kamodzi. Betcha la $1 pa wobiriwira limapambana pa magawo ake asanu ndi limodzi, 4 + 3 + 3 + 3 + 2 + 2 = $17, ndipo limataya $1 pa ena 19: −$2 pa kuzungulira 25, 8%.
Labuluu limapambana $24 kamodzi ndipo limataya $1 pa magawo ena 24: ndendende pa ziro.
Masewera a kasino okhala ndi betcha lachilungamo ndi osowa. Poyerekeza ndi 11.11% ya boule, labuluu linali betcha lokhalo m’chipindamo loyenera kubetcha. Bollman (2024) amapereka masewerawa ngati zochita zophunzirira.
Nthabwala yopumitsa
Nambala imodzi ya kasino mwa zisanu ndi zinayi ndi 11.11%.
Magwero
- Wizard of Odds. “Boule”, “Roulette-18”, “Pin Ball”, “Spingo”, “Lucky Star” ndi “Diamond Roulette”.
- Epstein, R. A. The Theory of Gambling and Statistical Logic, 2nd ed.