Kuyenda Pang’onopang’ono: Masana a D’Alembert
Unit imodzi mmwamba mutaluza, unit imodzi pansi mutapambana, zofiira pa kuzungulira kulikonse kwa mazungulidwe zana. Dongosolo lofatsa kwambiri, ndi mtengo wa kufatsako.

Gawo loyerekezedwa la D’Alembert la mazungulidwe 100 pa $5 pa unit. Ndalama zobetcha zinabwerera ku $5 kasanu, zinakwera pang’onopang’ono mpaka $80 pa nthawi yoipa, ndipo zinatha pa $55 gawolo litatsika ndi $40. Dongosolo limene limamveka ngati kufanana koma silili choncho.
Yendani mu dongosolo
Kuluza kumakwera sitepe imodzi. Kupambana kumabwerera sitepe imodzi.
Ndalama zobetcha ndi zotsatira zili mu ma unit a betcha loyambira.
Dongosolo
Yambani pa unitndalamaUnitNdalama zobetcha zoyambira zimene dongosolo kapena wosewera amagwiritsa ntchito. Maprogression amafotokozedwa mu ma unit kuti agwire ntchito pa tebulo lililonse.Werengani yonse → imodzi, $5, pa zofiirabetchaZofiiraBetcha la even-money pa manambala 18 ofiira. Mu Chifalansa: rouge.Werengani yonse →. Mutaluza onjezani unit; mutapambana chotsani imodzi, osatsika pansi pa imodzi. Lingaliro lake, limene d’Alembert sanapereke koma amaimbidwa mlandu, ndi lakuti kupambana ndi kuluza zimafanana, choncho pa banja lililonse la kuluza kamodzi ndi kupambana kamodzi tili patsogolo ndi unit. Masamu amanena kuti zofiira zimapambana 48.65% ya mazungulidwe, choncho kuluza kumaposa kupambana ndi pafupifupi kamodzi pa makumi anayi, ndipo ndalama zobetcha zimakwera pang’onopang’ono pakapita nthawi.
Mazungulidwe 1–30
Zofiira khumi ndi zinayi, zakudabetchaZakudaBetcha la even-money pa manambala 18 akuda. Mu Chifalansa: noir.Werengani yonse → khumi ndi zisanu, zirogudumuZiroKabowo kamodzi kobiriwira kamene betcha la even-money, dazeni kapena mzati siliphimba; gwero la phindu la kasino. Imatchedwanso: ziro imodzi, 0.Werengani yonse → imodzi. Ndalama zobetcha zinakwera mpaka $20 pa kuluza katatu motsatizana, zinabwerera ku $5 pofika kuzungulira 18, ndipo zinakwera mpaka $25 kumapeto kwa nthawiyi. Zotsatira +$20. Banja lililonse la kuluza ndi kupambana linapereka unit monga momwe zinalonjezedwera; kuluza kowonjezera kunazidya. Kumamveka ngati pampu yapang’onopang’ono imene imagwira ntchito nthawi zambiri.
Mazungulidwe 31–65
Nthawi yoipa. Zofiira khumi ndi zitatu poyerekeza ndi makumi awiri ndi ziwiri zosakhala zofiira, kuphatikiza kuluza kasanu ndi kawiri motsatizana. Kuchokera pa $5 pa kuzungulira 41 ndalama zobetcha zinakwera unit imodzi pa nthawi mpaka $80, ndipo kutaya kulikonse kwa $75 kunafafaniza kupambana khumi ndi kasanu kwa $5 koyambirira. Zotsatira −$485 pa nthawiyi; zonse pamodzi −$465. Palibe chodabwitsa chimene chinachitika pa kuzungulira kulikonse; kukwera pang’onopang’ono ndiko kunachita zimenezo.
- p10 −$500
- p25 −$500
- pakati −$500
- p75 −$500
- p90 +$885

Mazungulidwe 66–100
Zofiira makumi awiri poyerekeza ndi khumi ndi zisanu zosakhala zofiira, ndalama zobetcha zikutsika kuchokera pa $80 kulowera ku $55 m’masitepe a $5. Kupambana kulikonse pa ndalama zobetcha zapamwamba kunabweza ndalama zenizeni: kupambana kwa $75 pambuyo pa kutaya $70 ndi banja lopereka +$5, koma banjalo ndi lalikulu. Zotsatira +$425 pa nthawiyi; zomaliza −$40.
Maakaunti
Ndalama zobetcha za avareji pafupifupi $37, choncho zonse zobetchedwa pafupifupi $3,670 poyerekeza ndi $500 kwa wobetcha mofanana $5. Kutayika koyembekezekamasamuKutayika koyembekezekaMtengo woyembekezeka kuchulukitsa ndi ndalama zonse zobetchedwa; kuchuluka kwapakati kwa ndalama zotayika mu gawo la masewera kapena nthawi inayake.Werengani yonse → pa $3,670 ndi $99; kwenikweni −$40, pansi pa kupatuka kokhazikikamasamuKupatuka kokhazikikaMuzu wa sikweya wa kusinthasintha; mtunda wanthawi zonse wa zotsatira kuchokera ku mtengo woyembekezeka.Werengani yonse → kumodzi. Kukwera kwa kukula kwa ndalama zobetcha ndi zotsatira zonse za dongosololi: ndalama zambiri pa tebulo, 2.70% womwewo pa dola iliyonse, kufalikira kwakukulu kwa zotsatira.
Zimene gawoli likusonyeza
D’Alembert ndi chinyengo cha wotchova juga cholembedwa ngati lamulo lobetchera: limaganiza kuti kupambana ndi kuluza zidzafanana msanga mokwanira kuti ndalama zobetcha zitsike. Zimafanana pa nthawi yaitali posungunuka, osati pokonzedwa, ndipo ndalama zobetcha zilibe chifukwa chobwerera ku unit imodzi. Ndi dongosolo lapang’onopang’ono lopanda phompho, ndipo kuchedwa kumeneko ndiko chifukwa chake osewera amalikhulupirira.
Kuyandikira pa Nthawi Yayitali: Lamulo la Manambala Akuluakulu mu Roulette
Mafunso
Kawirikawiri ayi. Ndalama zobetcha zimakula ndi unit imodzi pa kuluza kulikonse, osati kuwirikiza, choncho zimatenga nthawi yoipa yaitali kwambiri kuti zifike malire.
Inde, ndipo malirewo amalisandutsa kubetcha mofanananjiraKubetcha mofananaKubetcha ndalama zofanana pa kuzungulira kulikonse. Muyeso umene progression iliyonse imayerekezeredwa nawo.Werengani yonse → pa malirewo pambuyo pa nthawi yoipa. Malire aliwonse ali bwino; palibe amene amasintha phindu la kasino.
Iye anatsutsa mu 1754 kuti mchira umakhala ndi mwayi waukulu pambuyo pa mitu yotsatizana. Otchova juga amene anagwirizana naye anatcha dongosololi dzina lake. Akanachita manyazi.
Nthabwala yopumitsa

Dongosolo lofatsa kwambiri. Limakwera pang’onopang’ono m’malo mogwa m’phompho.
Magwero
- d’Alembert, J. “Croix ou pile.”
- Ethier, S. N. The Doctrine of Chances: Probabilistic Aspects of Gambling.